Plagiarism - History Example

Sample from text:

"Despite these superficial impressions, however, the underlying structures of the post-1919 international system were significantly different from, and much more fragile than, those which influenced diplomacy a half-century earlier." From Paul Kennedy, The Rise and Fall of the Great Powers.

  1. Despite these impressions, the underlying structures of the international system after 1919 were different from, and much more fragile than, those which influenced diplomacy a half century earlier. This is plagiarism. No footnote and far too close to the original.
  2. Despite these impressions, however, the structures of the international system were significantly different from, and much more fragile than, those which influenced diplomacy fifty years before.1 This constitutes plagiarism despite the footnote because the words employed are too close to the original.
  3. Paul Kennedy has argued that "the underlying structures of the post-1919 international system were significantly different from, and much more fragile" than those conditioning diplomacy in the second half of the nineteenth century.2 This is acceptable.

Correct footnoting/endnoting style:

At first citation:

1 Paul Kennedy, The Rise and Fall of the Great Powers (London: Fontana Press, 1988), 358-59.

At subsequent citations, of the same work, in the same essay, the note may be condensed as follows:

2 Kennedy, The Rise and Fall, 358-59.